AFRICAN ELECTIONS DATABASE
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Elections in Sudan 
 
Political Profile
Political System: Restricted Democratic Practice 
President: Omar Hassan Al-Bashir (NCP) [since 30 June 1989; seized power in 1989 military coup, elected 1996, re-elected 2000 and 2010] The President is elected by popular vote for a 5-year term. Electoral System: Two Round (Run-off).
National Legislature [bicameral] 
--Council of States (52 Seats)
--National Assembly (450 Seats) Electoral System:
Electoral Authority: National Election Commission
Political Situation since Independence
1956-1958 Democracy
1958-1964 Military Regime
1964-1965 Transitional Government
1965-1969 Democracy
1969-1971 Military Regime
1971-1985 One Party State (SSU)
1985-1986 Military Regime & Transitional Government
1986-1989 Democracy
1989-1993 Military Regime
1993-1999 [De-Facto] One Party State (NIF/NCP)
1999-2005 Restricted Democratic Practice
2005-2010 Transitional Government
2010-        Restricted Democratic Practice
2012 Freedom House Rating: Political Rights - 7, Civil Liberties - 7, Status: Not Free
Next Scheduled Presidential Election: 2015
Next Scheduled National Assembly Election: 2015
Political Parties: APWF - Alliance of the People's Working Forces, BC - Beja Congress, DUP - Democratic Unionist Party, DUPO - Democratic Unionist Party-Original, ICF - Islamic Charter Front, LD - Liberal Democrats, NCP - National Congress Party, NIF - National Islamic Front, NMU - Nuba Mountains Union, NNDP - New National Democratic Party, SSDU - Sudanese Socialist Democratic Union, NUP - National Unionist Party, PCP - Popular Congress Party, PDP - People's Democratic Party, PPP - People's Progressive Party, SAC - Sudan African Congress, SANU - Sudan African National Union, SAPCO - Sudan African People's Congress Organization, SCP - Sudan Communist Party, SF - Southern Front, SLP - Southern Liberal Party, SNA - Sudanese National Alliance, SNP - Sudan National Party, SP - Southern Party, SPFP - Sudanese People's Federal Party, SPLM - Sudan People's Liberation Movement, SPLM-DC - Sudan People's Liberation Movement-Democratic Change, SRP - Socialist Revolutionary Party, SSPA - Southern Sudanese Political Association, SSU - Sudanese Socialist Union, UFP - Umma Federal Party, UMMA - Umma Party, UMMA-Imam - Umma Party-Imam al-Hadi faction, UMMA-Sadiq - Umma Party-Sadiq al-Mahdi faction, UNP - Umma National Party, URRP - Umma Renewal and Reform Party.
 
Election Results
 
 
Presidential
--Multiparty: 2000, 2010
--Single Party: 1971, 1973, 1983
--Non Partisan: 1996
Legislative
--Senate
----Multiparty: 1953, 1958
--House of Representatives/Constituent Assembly/National Assembly
----Multiparty: 1953, 1958, 1965, 1968, 1986, 2000, 2010
----Single Party: 1978, 1980, 1981
----Non Partisan: 1996
Constitutional Referendum: 1998
 
 
Party Number of Seats (97)
National Unionist Party (NUP) 51
Umma Party (UMMA) 22
Southern Party (SP) 9
Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRP) 3
Independents 12
 

Registered Voters

1,582,909

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,087,365 (68.7%)

Party

Number of Seats (173)

Umma Party (UMMA) 63
National Unionist Party (NUP) 44
Southern Liberal Party (SLP) 40
People's Democratic Party (PDP) 26
 
 

Registered Voters

3,050,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (approx. 61%)

Party Number of Seats (218)
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 101
Umma Party-Sadiq al-Mahdi faction (UMMA-Sadiq) 36
Umma Party-Imam al-Hadi faction (UMMA-Imam) 30
Sudan African National Union (SANU) 15
Southern Front (SF) 10
Umma Party (UMMA) 6
Islamic Charter Front (ICF) 3
Beja Congress (BC) 3
Nuba Mountains Union (NMU) 2
Others 3
Independents 9
 
Single Party Elections
Sole Legal Party: Sudanese Socialist Union (SSU)
15-29 September 1971 Presidential Election (Jaafar Nimeiri elected unopposed) 

Registered Voters

4,191,784

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

3,895,688

“Yes” Votes

3,839,374 (98.55%)

“No” Votes

     56,314   (1.45%)

3 April 1977 Presidential Election (Jaafar Nimeiri re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

5,839,882

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

5,672,501

“Yes” Votes

5,624,128 (99.14%)

“No” Votes

     48,373   (0.86%)

2-11 February 1978 People's Assembly Election (304 Seats)
28 April-10 May 1980 People's Assembly Election (368 Seats)
13 November 1981-15 January 1982 People's Assembly Election (151 Seats)
14-25 April 1983 Presidential Election (Jaafar Nimeiri re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

“Yes” Votes

99.6%

“No” Votes

  0.4%

 

Registered Voters

6,000,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (approx. 68%)

Party

Number of Seats (260)

Umma Party (UMMA) 100
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 63
National Islamic Front 51
People's Progressive Party (PPP) 10
Southern Sudanese Political Association (SSPA) 8
Sudan National Party (SNP) 8
Sudan African People's Congress Organization (SAPCO) 7
Sudan Communist Party (SCP) 3
Sudan African Congress (SAC) 2
Sudanese People's Federal Party (SPFP) 1
Beja Congress (BC) 1
Independents 6
*Due to the civil war in southern Sudan, balloting was postponed indefinitely in 41 geographic constituencies for security reasons.
**28 seats were set aside for graduates of post-secondary institutes and universities.
 

Registered Voters

8,100,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

5,482,035 (approx. 72%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   316,755

Total Valid Votes

5,525,280

Candidate Number of Votes % of Votes
Omar al-Bashir 4,181,784 75.68%
Others** 1,343,496 24.32%
*The election was officially non-partisan with all candidates competing as independents. Due to the civil war in southern Sudan, elections were not held in 11 districts for security reasons.
**The number of candidates participating in the election varies by source, but is generally in the range of 40 to 49.
 
Main Points: Presidential republic, Federation of 26 states, Islamic Law as an integral component, Southern Sudan plebiscite on independence within four years.

Registered Voters

11,935,029

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

10,935,029 (91.6%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     135,409

Total Valid Votes

10,799,620

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 10,472,888 96.97%
"No" Votes 326,732 3.03%
 

Registered Voters

12,000,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Candidate (Party) % of Votes
Omar Hassan al-Bashir (NCP) 86.5%
Jaafar Nimeiri (APWF) 9.6%
Malik Hussain 1.6%
Al-Samuel Hussein Osman Mansour (LD) 1.3%
Mahmoud Ahmed Juna 1.0%
*The election was boycotted by most of the major opposition parties.
**Voting did not take place in three southern states that were under rebel control.
 

Registered Voters

12,000,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party

Number of Seats (360)

National Congress Party (NCP) 355
Independents 5
*The election was boycotted by most of the major opposition parties.
**Voting did not take place in three southern states that were under rebel control.
 

Registered Voters

16,500,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

10,114,310

Candidate (Party) Number of Votes % of Votes
Omar Hassan al-Bashir (NCP) 6,901,694 68.24%
Yasir Arman (SPLM) 2,193,826 21.69%
Abdullah Deng Nhial (PCP) 396,139 3.92%
Hatim al-Sir (DUP) 195,668 1.93%
Sadiq al-Mahdi (UNP) 96,868 0.96%
Kamil Idriss 77,132 0.76%
Mahmood Ahmed Jeha 71,708 0.71%
Mubarak al-Fadil (URRP) 49,402 0.49%
Munir Sheikh el-Din Jallab (NNDP) 40,277 0.40%
Abdel-Aziz Khalid (SNA) 34,592 0.34%
Fatima Abdel Mahmoud (SSDU) 30,562 0.30%
Mohamed Ibrahim Nugud (SCP) 26,442 0.26%
*Prior to the election being held, a total five candidates had withdrawn from the race: Yasir Arman, Sadiq Al-Mahdi, Hatim Al-Sir, Mubarak al-Fadil, and Mohamed Ibrahim Nugud. Their names, however, remained on the ballot and each garnered votes.
 

Registered Voters

16,500,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party

Number of Seats (450)

National Congress Party (NCP) 323
Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) 99
Popular Congress Party (PCP) 4
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 4
Umma Federal Party (UFP) 3
Umma Renewal and Reform Party (URRP) 2
Democratic Unionist Party-Original (DUPO) 2
Sudan People's Liberation Movement-Democratic Change (SPLM-DC) 2
Others 4
Independents 3
Vacant 4