AFRICAN ELECTIONS DATABASE
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Elections in Niger
 
Political Profile
Political System: Democracy
President: Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarayya) [since 7 April 2011; elected 2011] The President is elected by direct popular vote for a 5-year term. Electoral System: Two Round (Run-off).
Prime Minister: Brigi Rafini (PNDS-Tarayya) [since 7 April 2011] The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
National Assembly [unicameral] (113 Seats) Members are elected by direct popular vote through parallel systems - 105 in 8 multi-member constituencies using the party-list proportional representation system and 8 from special single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post system; members serve 5-year terms.
Political Situation since Independence
1960-1974 One Party State (PPN-RDA)
1974-1989 Military Regime
1989-1991 One Party State (MNSD)
1991-1993 Multiparty Transition
1993-1996 Democracy
1996         Military Regime
1996-1999 Restricted Democratic Practice
1999         Transitional Government
1999-2009 Democracy
2009-2010 Restricted Democratic Practice
2010-2011 Military Regime
2011-        Democracy
2012 Freedom House Rating: Political Rights - 3, Civil Liberties - 4, Status: Partly Free
Next Scheduled Presidential Election: 2016
Next Scheduled National Assembly Election: 2016
Political Parties: ANDP - Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress, ANDPS-Zaman Lahiya - Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Social Progress-Zaman Lahiya, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya - Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya, ARD Adaltchi-Mutunchi - Alliance for Democratic Renewal, CDS-Rahama - Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama, MODEN/FA Lumana - Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation, MDP-Alkawali - Movement for Democracy and Progress-Alkawali, MNSD-Nassara - National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (center-right), ORDN-Tarmamoua - Revolutionary Organization for New Democracy, PSDN-Alheri - Niger Social Democratic Party-Alheri, PDP-Daraja - Party for People's Dignity-Daraja, PMT-Albarka - Workers' Movement Party-Albarka, PNA-Al'ouma - Nigerien Self-Management Party-Al'ouma, PNDS-Tarayya - Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (center-left, social democratic), PPN-RDA - Nigerien Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally, RDP-Jama'a - Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a, RSD-Gaskiya - Social Democratic Rally-Gaskiya, UDFP-Sawaba - Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba, UDN-Sawaba - Nigerien Democratic Union-Sawaba, UDP-Amintchi - Union for Democracy and Progress-Amintchi, UDPS-Amana - Union for Democracy and Social Progress-Amana, UDR-Tabbat - Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat, UNI - Union of Independent Nigeriens, UNIRD - National Union of Independents for Democratic Renewal (authoritarian), UPDP-Chamoua - Union of Democratic Patriots and Progressives-Chamoua.
Coalitions: Alliance of the Forces for Change (AFC) [Formed soon after the 1993 National Assembly election] Member parties included the Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama), Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya), Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya), Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA), Union for Democracy and Social Progress-Chamoua (UDPS-Chamoua), and the Niger Social Democratic Party-Alheri (PSDN-Alheri); Coordination of Forces for Democracy and the Republic (CFDR) [Boycotted the 2009 National Assembly Election] The coalition included the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya), Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama), Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA), Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat (UDR-Tabbat), Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya), and several smaller parties; Front for the Restoration and Defense of Democracy (FRDD) [Boycotted the 1996 National Assembly Election] Member parties included the National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara), Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya), Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama), Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA), Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba (UDFP-Sawaba), Union for Democracy and Progress-Amintchi (UDP-Amintchi), Niger Social Democratic Party-Alheri (PSDN-Alheri), and the Revolutionary Organization for New Democracy (ORDN-Tarmamoua); Union for the Franco-African Community (UCFA) [Contested the 1958 Constituent Assembly Election] Led by the Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA).
 
 
Election Results
 
 
Presidential
--Single Party: 1965, 1970, 1989
--Multiparty: 1993, 1996, 1999, 2004, 2011
Legislative
--Single Party: 1965, 1970, 1989
--Multiparty: 1958, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2011
Referendums: 1958, 1987, 1989, 1992, 1996, 1999, 2009, 2010
Local: 2004
 
 
28 September 1958 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Approval of the constitution meant internal autonomy within the "French Community." France agreed to grant independence to any territory that rejected the proposed constitution.
Ballot Question: Do you approve the Constitution proposed by the Government of the Republic?

Registered Voters

1,320,174

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

   493,953 (37.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     19,175

Total Valid Votes

   474,778

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 372,383 78.43%
"No" Votes 102,395 21.57%
 
14 December 1958 Constituent Assembly Election

Registered Voters

1,320,174

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

   483,953 (36.7%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

       9,175

Total Valid Votes

   474,778

Party/[Coalition] Number of Seats (60)
Union for the Franco-African Community [UCFA] 49
Nigerien Democratic Union-Sawaba (UDN-Sawaba) 11
 
Single Party Elections
Sole Legal Party: Nigerien Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA)
30 September 1965 Presidential Election (Hamani Diori re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

1,707,044

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,680,570 (98.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

       1,658

Total Valid Votes

1,678,912 (99.90%)

Hamani Diori

1,678,912 (100.00%)

21 October 1965 National Assembly Election (50 Seats)

Registered Voters

1,709,605

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,679,196 (98.2%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

       1,433

Total Valid Votes

1,677,763 (99.91%)

PPN-RDA

1,677,763 (100.00%)

1 October 1970 Presidential Election (Hamani Diori re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

1,942,744

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,910,626 (98.3%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

       2,953

Total Valid Votes

1,907,673 (99.85%)

Hamani Diori

1,907,673 (100.00%)

22 October 1970 National Assembly Election (50 Seats)

Registered Voters

1,906,283

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,851,146 (97.1%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

          178

Total Valid Votes

1,850,968 (99.99%)

PPN-RDA

1,850,968 (100.00%)

Note: Hamani Diori was first elected president by the National Assembly on 8 November 1960.
 
16 June 1987 "National Charter" Referendum
Main Points: Establishment of non-elective, consultative institutions at both national and local levels.
Ballot Question: Do you approve of the National Charter issued by decree?

Registered Voters

3,370,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,262,314 (approx. 96.8%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

       6,991

Total Valid Votes

3,255,323

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 3,241,589 99.58%
"No" Votes 13,734 0.42%
 
24 September 1989 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Presidential Regime, One Party [The new constitution provided for the continued role of the armed forces in government]

Registered Voters

3,477,874

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (95.1%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

3,299,450

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 3,275,737 99.28%
"No" Votes 23,713 0.72%
 
Single Party Elections
Sole Legal Party: National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD)
12 December 1989 Presidential Election (Ali Saïbou elected unopposed)
12 December 1989 National Assembly Election (93 Seats)
 
26 December 1992 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Multiparty Political System, President serves 5-year term with no limits on re-election

Registered Voters

3,900,881

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,207,220 (56.6%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     40,300

Total Valid Votes

2,166,920

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 1,945,653 89.79%
"No" Votes 221,267 10.21%
 
14 February 1993 National Assembly Election*

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party/[Coalition] Number of Seats (83)
Alliance of the Forces for Change [AFC] 50

 Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama)
22
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya) 13
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 11
Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA) 2
Union for Democracy and Social Progress-Amana (UDPS-Amana) 1
Niger Social Democratic Party (PSDN-Alheri) 1
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara) 29
Union for Democratic Patriots and Progressives-Chamoua (UPDP-Chamoua) 2
Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba (UDFP-Sawaba) 2
*The Alliance of the Forces for Change (AFC) was a coalition formed soon after the election to give opposition a majority of seats in the National Assembly.
 
February/March 1993 Presidential Election
First Round (27 February 1993)

Registered Voters

4,082,076

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,328,152 (32.5%)

Second Round (27 March 1993)

Registered Voters

4,069,333

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,433,393 (35.2%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     30,499

Total Valid Votes

1,402,894

Candidate (Party) First Round Second Round
Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Votes % of Votes
Mahamane Ousmane (CDS-Rahama) 343,261 26.59% 763,476 54.42%
Mamadou Tandja (MNSD-Nassara) 443,233 34.22% 639,418 45.58%
Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarraya) 205,707 15.92% - -
Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 196,949 15.24% - -
Illa Kané (UPDP-Chamoua) 32,951 2.55% - -
Oumarou Garba Issoufou (PPN-RDA) 25,769 1.99% - -
Kazelma Omar Taya (PSDN-Alheri) 23,565 1.82% - -
Djibo Bakary (UDFP-Sawaba) 21,662 1.68% - -
 
12 January 1995 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party Number of Seats (83)
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara) 29
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama) 24
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya) 12
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 9
Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba (UDFP-Sawaba) 3
Union for Democracy and Social Progress-Amana (UDPS-Amana) 2
Niger Social Democratic Party-Alheri (PSDN-Alheri) 2
Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA) 1
Union for Democratic Patriots and Progressives-Chamoua (UPDP-Chamoua) 1
 
12 May 1996 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Presidential Republic, Multiparty System

Registered Voters

4,400,000 (approx.)

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,540,000 (approx. 35%)

Results % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 92.34%
"No" Votes 7.66%
 
7-8 July 1996 Presidential Election

Registered Voters

3,804,750

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,525,019 (66.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   107,830

Total Valid Votes

2,417,189

Candidate (Party) Number of Votes % of Votes
Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara 1,262,308 52.22%
Mahamane Ousmane (CDS-Rahama) 477,431 19.75%
Mamadou Tandja (MNSD-Nassara) 378,322 15.65%
Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarayya) 183,826 7.60%
Moumouni Amadou Djermakoye (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 115,302 4.77%
 
23 November 1996 National Assembly Election*

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party Number of Seats (83)
National Union of Independents for Democratic Renewal (UNIRD) 56
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Social Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDPS-Zaman Lahiya) 8
Union of Democratic Patriots and Progressives-Chamoua (UPDP-Chamoua) 4
Union for Democracy and Social Progress-Amana (UDPS-Amana) 3
Party for People's Dignity-Daraja (PDP-Daraja) 3
Workers' Movement Party-Albarka (PMT-Albarka) 2
Movement for Democracy and Progress-Alkawali (MDP-Alkawali) 1
Independents 3
Invalidated** 3
*The election was boycotted by the Front for the Restoration and Defense of Democracy (FRDD), an eight-party coalition that included the country's main opposition parties.
**Results for 3 seats were invalidated by the Constitutional Court. The National Union of Independents for Democratic Renewal (UNIRD) won all 3 seats in a subsequent by-election, giving the party a total of 59 seats.
 
18 July 1999 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Semi-Presidential System

Registered Voters

4,237,258

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,319,919 (31.2%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     24,102

Total Valid Votes

1.295.817

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 1,161,178 89.61%
"No" Votes 134,639 10.39%
 
October/November 1999 Presidential Election
First Round (17 October 1999)

Registered Voters

4,560,508

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,990,370 (43.6%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     81,129

Total Valid Votes

1,909,241

Second Round (24 November 1999)

Registered Voters

4,608,090

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

1,815,411 (39.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     42,757

Total Valid Votes

1,772,654

Candidate (Party) First Round Second Round
Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Votes % of Votes
Mamadou Tandja (MNSD-Nassara) 617,320 32.33% 1,061,731 59.89%
Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarayya) 435,041 22.79% 710,923 40.11%
Mahamane Ousmane (CDS-Rahama) 429,827 22.51% - -
Hamid Algabid (RDP-Jama'a) 206,763 10.83% - -
Moumouni Amadou Djermakoye (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 147,672 7.73% - -
André Salifou (UDPD-Chamoua) 39,641 2.08% - -
Amadou Ali Djibo (UNI) 32,977 1.73% - -
 
24 November 1999 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party Number of Seats (83)
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara) 38
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama) 17
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya) 16
Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a (RDP-Jama'a) 8
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 4
 
November/December 2004 Presidential Election
First Round (16 November 2004)

Registered Voters

5,255,232

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,535,493 (48.2%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     97,043

Total Valid Votes

2,438,450

Second Round (4 December 2004)

Registered Voters

5,256,581

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,363,692 (45.0%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     59,390

Total Valid Votes

2,304,302

Candidate (Party) First Round Second Round
Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Votes % of Votes
Mamadou Tandja (MNSD-Nassara) 991,764 40.67% 1,509,905 65.53%
Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarayya) 599,792 24.60% 794,357 34.47%
Mahamane Ousmane (CDS-Rahama) 425,052 17.43% - -
Amadou Cheiffou (RSD-Gaskiya) 154,732 6.35% - -
Moumouni Amadou Djermakoye (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 147,957 6.07% - -
Hamid Algabid (RDP-Jama'a) 119,153 4.89% - -
 
4 December 2004 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters

5,278,598

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,358,213 (44.7%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     55,019

Total Valid Votes

2,303,194

Party Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Seats (113)
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara
(MNSD-Nassara)		 856,924 37.21% 47
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya) & Allies 488,972 21.23% 25

 Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya
(PNDS-Tarayya)		 (307,914) (13.37%)
17
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya/Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally/Nigerien Self-Management Party-Al Ouma
(PNDS Tarayya/PPN RDA/PNA Al Ouma)		 (61,997) (2.69%) 4
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya/Union of Independent Nigeriens/Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat (PNDS Tarayya/UNI/UDR Tabbat) (76,268) (3.31%) 2
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya/Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally
(PNDS Tarayya/PPN RDA)		 (42,793) (1.86%) 2
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama) 399,737 17.36% 22
Social Democratic Rally-Gaskiya (RSD-Gaskiya) 164,507 7.14% 7
Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a (RDP-Jama'a) 150,303 6.53% 6
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 125,243 5.44% 5
Niger Social Democratic Party-Alheri (PSDN-Alheri) 29,905 1.30% 1
Others 87,603 3.80% -
 
4 August 2009 Constitutional Referendum*
Main Points: Removal of presidential term limits, Absolute executive power of the President, Creation of an upper house of the legislature (Senate)

Registered Voters

6,045,140

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

4,126,199 (68.3%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   121,310

Total Valid Votes

4,004,889

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 3,704,558 92.50%
"No" Votes 300,331 7.50%
*The opposition boycotted the election.
 
20 October 2009 National Assembly Election*

Registered Voters

6,059,961

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,106,833 (51.3%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   100,919

Total Valid Votes

3,005,914

Party Number of Seats (113)
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara) 76
Social Democratic Rally-Gaskiya (RSD-Gaskiya) 15
Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a (RDP-Jama'a) 7
Workers' Movement Party-Albarka (PMA-Albarka) 1
Nigerien Self-Management Party-Al Ouma (PNA-Al'ouma) 1
Rally of Nigerien Patriots-Alkalami (RPN-Alkalami) 1
Union of Independent Nigeriens (UNI) 1
Independents 10
Invalidated** 1
*The election was boycotted by the main opposition parties, grouped together in a coalition known as the Coordination of Forces for Democracy and the Republic (CFDR).
**The results in one constituency were annulled by the Constitutional Court. A subsequent by-election was held to fill the seat on 27 December 2009, and was won by an independent candidate.
 
31 October 2010 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Semi-Presidential system of government, Limit of two five-year terms for Presidents. 

Registered Voters

6,720,335

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,496,352 (52.0%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     74,202

Total Valid Votes

3,422,150

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 3,086,473 90.19%
"No" Votes 335,677 9.81%
 
January/March 2011 Presidential Election
First Round (31 January 2011)

Registered Voters

6,740,493

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,475,748 (51.6%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   177,107

Total Valid Votes

3,298,641

Second Round (12 March 2011)

Registered Voters

6,740,046

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,300,027 (49.0%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   203,209

Total Valid Votes

3,096,818

Candidate (Party) First Round Second Round
Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Votes % of Votes
Mahamadou Issoufou (PNDS-Tarayya) 1,192,945 36.16% 1,797,382 58.04%
Seyni Oumarou (MNSD-Nassara) 766,215 23.23% 1,299,436 41.96%
Hama Amadou (MODEN/FA Lumana) 653,737 19.82% - -
Mahamane Ousmane (CDS-Rahama) 274,676 8.33% - -
Amadou Cheiffou (RSD-Gaskiya) 134,732 4.08% - -
Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 129,954 3.94% - -
Ousmane Issoufou Oubandawaki (ARD Adaltchi-Mutunchi) 63,378 1.92% - -
Amadou Boubacar Cissé (UDR-Tabbat) 52,779 1.60% - -
Abdoulaye Amadou Traoré 17,630 0.53% - -
Bayard Mariama Gamatié 12,595 0.38% - -
 
31 January 2011 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters

6,740,493

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,317,935 (49.2%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     87,437

Total Valid Votes

3,230,498

Party Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Seats (113)
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya) 1,066,011 33.00% 34
National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara) 664,525 20.57% 25
Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation (MODEN/FA Lumana) 637,108 19.72% 23
Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya (ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) 242,770 7.51% 8
Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a (RDP-Jama'a) 209,622 6.49% 7
Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat (UDR-Tabbat) 175,876 5.44% 6
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama (CDS-Rahama) 105,828 3.28% 3
Social Democratic Rally-Gaskiya (RSD-Gaskiya) 58,947 1.82% -
Union of Independent Nigeriens (UNI) 32,018 0.99% 1
Others 37,793 1.17% -
Invalidated* - - 6
*The legislative results from Agadez Region were annulled by the Constitutional Council. An election to fill the invalidated seats was held on 15 May 2011. Three seats were won by the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya (PNDS-Tarayya), raising its total to 37 seats. The Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation (MODEN/FA Lumana) won two seats for an overall total of 25. The remaining seat went to the National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara (MNSD-Nassara), raising its total to 26.