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Elections in Mozambique
 
Political Profile
Political System: Democracy
President: Armando Guebuza (FRELIMO) [since 2 February 2005; elected 2004] The President is elected by direct popular vote for a 5-year term. Electoral System: Two Round (Run-off).
Prime Minister: Luisa Dias Diogo (FRELIMO) [since 17 February 2004] The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
Assembly of the Republic [unicameral]: (250 Seats) Members are elected by direct popular vote in multi-member constituencies using the party-list proportional representation system; members serve 5-year terms.
Political Situation since Independence
1975-1990 One Party State (FRELIMO)
1990-1994 Multiparty Transition
1994-        Democracy
2007 Freedom House Rating: Political Rights - 3, Civil Liberties - 4, Status: Partly Free
Next Scheduled Presidential Election: December 2009
Next Scheduled Assembly of the Republic Election: December 2009
Political Parties: ALIMO - Independent Alliance Party of Mozambique, CDU - United Congress of Democrats, FAP - Patriotic Action Front, FRELIMO - Mozambique Liberation Front (far-left, authoritarian), FUMO-PCD - Mozambique United Front-Democratic Convergence Party, MONAMO-PMSD - Mozambican National Movement-Social Democratic Party (social-democratic), PACODE - Democratic Congress Party, PADELIMO - Mozambique Democratic Liberal Party, PADEMO - Mozambique Democratic Party, PALMO - Liberal and Democratic Party of Mozambique (populist), PANADE - National Democratic Party, PANAMO - National Party of Mozambique, PANAOC - National Workers and Peasants Party, PAREDE - Democratic Reconciliation Party, PASOMO - Mozambique Social Broadening Party, PAZS - Party of Freedom and Solidarity, PCN - National Convention Party, PDD - Party for Peace, Democracy, and Development, PE-MT - Ecological Party-Land Movement, PIMO - Independent Party of Mozambique, PPD - Popular Democratic Party, PPLM - Progressive Liberal Party of Mozambique, PPPM - Mozambique People’s Progress Party, PRD - Democratic Renewal Party, PRDM - Democratic Reconciliation Party of Mozambique , PT - Labor Party, PUN - National Unity Party, PVM - Green Party of Mozambique, RENAMO - Mozambican National Resistance (authoritarian), SOL - Social Liberal Party, UDF - United Democratic Front, UNAMO - Mozambique National Union.
Coalitions: Democratic Union (UD) [Contested the 1994 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member Parties include Liberal and Democratic Party of Mozambique (PALMO), National Democratic Party (PANADE), and National Party of Mozambique (PANAMO); [Contested the 1999 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member Parties - National Democratic Party (PANADE) and National Party of Mozambique (PANAMO); [Contested the 2004 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member Parties - National Democratic Party (PANADE) and National Party of Mozambique (PANAMO); Patriotic Alliance (AP) [Contested the 1994 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member Parties include the Patriotic Action Front (FAP) and Mozambican National Movement-Social Democratic Party (MONAMO-PMSD); Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (RENAMO-UE) [Contested the 1999 Presidential and Assembly of the Republic Elections] Coalition led by the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO). Member parties include the Independent Alliance Party of Mozambique (ALIMO), Patriotic Action Front (FAP), Mozambique United Front-Democratic Convergence Party (FUMO-PCD), Mozambican National Democratic Movement-Social Democratic Party (MONAMO-PMSD), National Convention Party (PCN), Mozambique People’s Progress Party (PPPM), Democratic Renewal Party (PRD), National Unity Party (PUN), United Democratic Front (UDF), and Mozambique National Union (UNAMO); [Contested the 2004 Presidential and Assembly of the Republic Elections] Coalition led by the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO). Member parties include the Independent Alliance Party of Mozambique (ALIMO), Patriotic Action Front (FAP), Mozambique United Front-Democratic Convergence Party (FUMO-PCD), Mozambican National Democratic Movement-Social Democratic Party (MONAMO-PMSD), National Convention Party (PCN), Ecological Party of Mozambique (PEMO), Mozambique People’s Progress Party (PPPM), Democratic Renewal Party (PRD), National Unity Party (PUN), and the United Democratic Front (UDF); Mozambican Opposition Union (UMO) [Contested the 1999 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member parties are the Mozambique Democratic Party (PADEMO) and Democratic Reconciliation Party of Mozambique (PRDM); United Front for Change and Good Governance (MBG) [Constested the 2004 Presidential and Assembly of the Republic Elections] Member parties include the Mozambique National Union (UNAMO) and the Party of All Mozambican Nationalists (PARTONAMO); Broad Opposition Front (FAO) [Contested the 2004 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member parties include the Liberal Front (FL) and African Conservative Party (PAC); Union for the Salvation of Mozambique (USAMO) [Contested the 2004 Assembly of the Republic Election] Member parties include the Socialist Party of Mozambique (PSM), Democratic Alliance for Social Restoration (PAREDE), and Union for Change (UM).
 
Election Results
 
 
Presidential: 1994, 1999, 2004
Legislative
--Single Party: 1977, 1986
--Multiparty: 1994, 1999, 2004
Local: 1998, 2003
 
 
Single Party Elections
Sole Legal Party: Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO)

1977 People’s Assembly Election

1986 People’s Assembly Election*

*Indirect elections based on mass meetings throughout the country.
 
27-29 October 1994 Presidential Election

Registered Voters

 6,148,842

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

5,402,940 (87.9%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   461,425

Total Valid Votes

 4,941,515

Candidate (Party)

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Joaquim Chissano (FRELIMO)

2,633,740

53.30%

Afonso Dhlakama (RENAMO)

1,666,965

33.73%

Wehia Ripua (PADEMO)

141,905

2.87%

Carlos Reis (UNAMO)

120,708

2.44%

Máximo Dias (MONAMO-PMSD)

115,442

2.34%

Campira Momboya (PACODE)

58,848

1.19%

Yaqub Sibindy (PIMO)

51,070

1.03%

Domingos Arouca (FUMO-PCD)

37,767

0.76%

Carlos Jeque (Independent)

34,588

0.70%

Casimiro Nhamitambo (SOL)

32,036

0.65%

Mário Machel (Independent)

24,238

0.49%

Padimbe Kamati (PPPM)

24,208

0.49%

 
27-29 October 1994 Assembly of the Republic Election [Seats Won by Province]

Registered Voters

 6,148,842

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

5,404,199 (87.9%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   630,974

Total Valid Votes

 4,773,225

Party/[Coalition]

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Number of Seats (250)

Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO)

2,115,793

44.33%

129

Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO)

1,803,506

37.78%

112

Democratic Union [UD]

245,793

5.15%

09

Patriotic Alliance [AP]

93,031

1.95%

-

Social Liberal Party (SOL)

79,622

1.67%

-

Mozambique United Front-Democratic Convergence Party (FUMO-PCD)

66,527

1.39%

-

National Convention Party (PCN)

60,635

1.27%

-

Independent Party of Mozambique (PIMO)

58,590

1.23%

-

Democratic Congress Party (PACODE)

52,446

1.10%

-

Mozambique People’s Progress Party (PPPM)

50,793

1.06%

-

Democratic Renewal Party (PRD)

48,030

1.01%

-

Mozambique Democratic Party (PADEMO)

36,689

0.77%

-

Mozambique National Union (UNAMO)

34,809

0.73%

-

Labor Party (PT)

26,961

0.56%

-

 
03-05 December 1999 Presidential Election

Registered Voters

 7,099,105

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

4,934,352 (69.5%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   462,364

Total Valid Votes

 4,471,988

Candidate (Party) [Coalition]

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Joaquim Chissano (FRELIMO)

2,338,333

52.29%

Afonso Dhlakama (RENAMO) [RENAMO-UE]

2,133,655

47.71%

 
03-05 December 1999 Assembly of the Republic Election [Seats Won by Province]

Registered Voters

 7,099,105

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

4,833,761 (68.1%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   701,438

Total Valid Votes

 4,132,323

Party/[Coalition]

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Number of Seats (250)

Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO)

2,005,713

48.54%

133

Mozambican National Resistance-Electoral Union [RENAMO-UE]

1,603,811

38.81%

117

Labor Party (PT)

111,139

2.69%

-

Liberal and Democratic Party of Mozambique (PALMO)

101,970

2.47%

-

Social Liberal Party (SOL)

83,440

2.02%

-

Mozambican Opposition Union [UMO]

64,117

1.55%

-

Democratic Union [UD]

61,122

1.48%

-

Mozambique Democratic Liberal Party (PADELIMO)

33,247

0.80%

-

Independent Party of Mozambique (PIMO)

29,456

0.71%

-

National Workers and Peasants Party (PANAOC)

24,527

0.59%

-

Progressive Liberal Party of Mozambique (PPLM)

11,628

0.28%

-

Mozambique Social Broadening Party (PASOMO)

2,153

0.05%

-

 
01-02 December 2004 Presidential Election

Registered Voters

 9,142,151

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,329,177 (36.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   177,999

Total Valid Votes

 3,144,168

Candidate (Party) [Coalition]

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Armando Guebuza (FRELIMO)

2,004,226

63.74%

Afonso Dhlakama (RENAMO) [RENAMO-UE]

998,059

31.74%

Raul Domingos (PDD)

85,815

2.73%

Yaqub Sibindy (PIMO)

28,656

0.91%

Carlos Reis (UNAMO) [MBG]

27,412

0.87%

 
01-02 December 2004 Assembly of the Republic Election [Seats Won by Province]

Registered Voters

 9,142,151

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

3,321,926 (36.3%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

   276,497

Total Valid Votes

 3,045,429

Party/[Coalition]

Number of Votes

% of Votes

Number of Seats (250)

Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO)

1,889,054

62.03%

160

Mozambican National Resistance-Electoral Union [RENAMO-UE]

905,289

29.73%

90

Party for Peace, Democracy, and Development (PDD)

60,758

2.00%

-

Party of Freedom and Solidarity (PAZS)

20,686

0.88%

-

National Reconciliation Party (PARENA)

18,220

0.60%

-

Independent Party of Mozambique (PIMO)

17,960

0.59%

-

Mozambique Social Broadening Party (PASOMO)

15,740

0.52%

-

Labor Party (PT)

14,242

0.47%

-

Social Liberal Party (SOL)

13,915

0.46%

-

Ecological Party-Land Movement (PE-MT)

12,985

0.40%

-

United Front for Change and Good Governance [MBG]

11,059

0.36%

-

Democratic Union (UD)

10,310

0.34%

-

Green Party of Mozambique (PVM)

9,950

0.33%

-

Liberal and Democratic Party of Mozambique (PALMO)

9,263

0.30%

-

Democratic Reconciliation Party (PAREDE)

9,026

0.30%

-

Union for the Salvation of Mozambique [USAMO]

8,661

0.29%

-

Broad Opposition Front [FAO]

7,591

0.25%

-

Mozambique Democratic Liberal Party (PADELIMO)

3,720

0.12%

-

United Congress of Democrats (CDU)

1,252

0.04%

-

Popular Democratic Party (PPD)

448

0.01%

-