Elections in Somalia

Election Results

ITALIAN TRUST TERRITORY (SOUTHERN SOMALIA)

Legislative Assembly: 1956, 1959

BRITISH SOMALILAND

Legislative Council: 1960

SOMALIA

Presidential: 1986, 2000 (Indirect), 2004 (Indirect), 2009 (Indirect), 2012 (Indirect)

Legislative

--Multiparty: 1964, 1969

--Single Party: 1979, 1984

Constitutional Referendums: 1961, 1979

Elections in Somaliland

Elections in Puntland

1956 Italian Trust Territory (Southern Somalia) Legislative Assembly Election

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	614,909

Party	Number of Votes	% of Votes	Number of Seats (60)*
Somali Youth League (SYL)	333,820	54.29%	43
Hizbia Digil and Mirifle (HDM)	159,967	26.01%	13
Somali Democratic Movement (SDM)	80,866	13.15%	3
Marehan Union (MU)	11,358	1.85%	1
Others	28,898	4.70%	-

*An additional ten seats were reserved for Indians, Arabs, and other non-Somalis.

8 March 1959 Italian Administered Trust Territory (Southern Somalia) Legislative Assembly Election*

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	313,760

Party	Number of Votes	% of Votes	Number of Seats (90)
Somali Youth League (SYL)	237,134	75.58%	83
Somali Independent Constitutional Party (HDMS)	40,857	13.02%	5
Liberal Somali Youth Party (PLGS)	35,769	11.40%	2

*The election was boycotted by the Greater Somali League (GSL) and most of the Somali Independent Constitutional Party (HDMS).

17 February 1960 British Somaliland Legislative Council Election

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	81,366

Party	Number of Votes	% of Votes	Number of Seats (33)
Somali National League (SNL)	42,395	52.10%	20
United Somali Party (USP)	13,350	16.41%	12
National United Front (NUF)	20,249	24.89%	1
Somali Youth League (SYL)	4,626	5.69%	-
Others	746	0.92%	-

Note: British Somaliland received its independence on June 26, 1960, and united with the former Italian trust territory of Somalia on July 1, 1960 to form the Somali Republic. The two legislative assemblies merged together forming the National Assembly of the Republic with 123 total seats.

20 June 1961 Constitutional Referendum

Main Points: N/A

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	1,943,451

Results	Number of Votes	% of Votes
"Yes" Votes	1,760,540	90.59%
"No" Votes	182,911	9.41%

30 March 1964 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	914,069

Party	Number of Votes	% of Votes	Number of Seats (123)
Somali Youth League (SYL)	472,296	51.67%	69
Somali National Congress (SNC)	186,208	20.37%	22
Somali Democratic Union (SDU)	95,707	10.47%	15
Somali Independent Constitutional Party (HDMS)	80,173	8.77%	9
United Somali Party (USP)	7,552	0.83%	1
Liberal Somali Youth Party (PLGS)	6,766	0.74%	1
Somali National League (SNL)	4,354	0.48%	1
Somali African National Union (SANU)	3,930	0.43%	1
Others	57,083	6.24%	4

26 March 1969 National Assembly Election*

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	879,554 (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	97,320
Total Valid Votes	782,234

Party	Number of Votes	% of Votes	Number of Seats (123)
Somali Youth League (SYL)	260,046	33.24%	73
Somali National Congress (SNC)	77,339	9.89%	11
Somali Independent Constitutional Party (HDMS)	27,681	3.54%	8
Somali African National Union (SANU)	42,006	5.37%	6
Liberal Somali Youth Party (PLGS)	25,639	3.28%	3
Somali Democratic Union (SDU)	46,064	5.89%	2
Popular Movement for Democratic Action (PMDA)	42,629	5.45%	2
Somali Socialist Party (PSS)	31,058	3.97%	2
Somali People's Movement Party (PMPS)	8,531	1.09%	2
Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (PRSO)	16,742	2.14%	1
Somali National Solidarity Party (PSNS)	12,269	1.57%	1
United Somali Party (USP)	13,942	1.78%	-
Others	178,288	22.79%	12

*Many candidates affiliated with a major party only long enough to use its symbol in the election campaign and, if elected, abandoned it for the winning side as soon as the National Assembly met. Thus, by the end of May 1969 the Somali Youth League (SYL) parliamentary cohort had swelled from 73 to 109. In addition, the eleven Somali National Congress (SNC) members had formed a coalition with the SYL, which held 120 of the 123 seats in the National Assembly.

25 August 1979 Constitutional Referendum

Main Points: Single Party Presidential Republic

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	3,605,490

Results	Number of Votes	% of Votes
"Yes" Votes	3,597,592	99.78%
"No" Votes	7,898	0.22%

Single Party Elections

Sole Legal Party: Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party (SRSP)

30 December 1979 People's Assembly Election*/** (171 Seats)

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	3,985,838 (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	Not Available
“Yes” Votes	99.91%
“No” Votes	0.09%

31 December 1984 People's Assembly Election** (171 Seats)

Registered Voters	4,220,466
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	4,214,667 (99.9%)
Invalid/Blank Votes	1,990
Total Valid Votes	4,212,677
“Yes” Votes	4,207,977 (99.89%)
“No” Votes	4,700 (0.11%)

23 December 1986 Presidential Election (Siad Barre re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters	Not Available
Total Votes (Voter Turnout)	Not Available (N/A)
Invalid/Blank Votes	Not Available
Total Valid Votes	4,889,078
“Yes” Votes	4,887,592 (99.97%)
“No” Votes	1,486 (0.03%)

*The People’s Assembly elected Siad Barre president on 26 January 1980.

**In both elections to the People's Assembly, the President was constitutionally entitled to appoint up to six additional members to the body.

DISINTEGRATION OF SOMALIA (1991-Present)

After the departure of President Siad Barre in early 1991, Somalia became fragmented and engaged in civil war. Warlords and rival clans clashed and claimed parts of the nation as their territory. The former British Somaliland seceded from the rest of Somalia in May 1991 as the "Republic of Somaliland", and a stable government has been set up. It is not internationally recognized and the people recently ratified a constitution that formally removes it from the Somali Republic. In 1998, a part of Northeastern Somalia declared itself the autonomous "Puntland State". The regional administration states that it wants to remain part of a Somalia. This region is also unrecognized by the international community.

From July 1992 to 27 August 2000, the United Nations declared Somalia a country "without a government." An internationally recognized Transitional National Government (TNG) was convened in August 2000, but the government had little control over the nation, which was mostly controlled by rival warlords and clans. The TNG was opposed by a rival pan-Somali governmental movement, known as the Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC). Eventually the factions of the TNG and the SRRC were reconciled, and a new united movement - the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) - was formed in late 2004.

Following the end of the interim mandate of the Transitional Federal Government, the Federal Government of Somalia was established on 20 August 2012, becoming the first permanent central government in the country since the start of the civil war.

26 August 2000 Presidential Election (Chosen by the Transitional Parliament)

First Round

Total Votes	238
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	3
Total Valid Votes	235

Second Round

Total Votes	238
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	2
Total Valid Votes	236

Third Round

Total Votes	238
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	1
Total Valid Votes	237

Candidate	First Round	Second Round	Third Round
Abdulkassim Salat Hassan	78 (33.19%)	124 (52.54%)	145 (61.18%)
Abdullahi Ahmed Adow	83 (35.32%)	110 (46.61%)	92 (38.82%)
Ali Khalif Galaydh	35 (14.89%)	2 (0.85%)	-
Ali Mahdi	12 (5.11%)	*	-
12 Others	27 (11.49%)	-	-

*Although Ali Mahdi qualified to participate in the second round, he withdrew from the competition.

10 October 2004 Presidential Election (Chosen by the Transitional Federal Parliament)

First Round

Total Votes	275
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	2
Total Valid Votes	273

Second Round

Total Votes	275
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	7
Total Valid Votes	268

Third Round

Total Votes	275
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	7
Total Valid Votes	268

Candidate	First Round	Second Round	Third Round
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed	80 (29.30%)	147 (54.85%)	189 (70.52%)
Abdullahi Ahmed Adow	35 (12.82%)	83 (30.97%)	79 (29.48%)
Mohammed Qanyare Afrah	33 (12.09%)	38 (14.58%)	-
Abdulrahman Jamma Barre	18 (6.59%)	*	-
Abdulkassim Salat Hassan	16 (5.86%)	*	-
Mohammed Hassan Adow	14 (5.13%)	*	-
Muse Sudi Yalahow	13 (4.76%)	-	-
Osman Jama Ali "Kalun"	10 (3.66%)	-	-
18 Others	54 (19.78%)	-	-

*Abdulrahman Jamma Barre, Abdulkassim Salat Hassan, and Mohammed Hassan Adow qualified to participate in the second round, but they withdrew from the competition.

30 January 2009 Presidential Election (Chosen by the Transitional Federal Parliament)

First Round

Total Votes	425
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	3
Total Valid Votes	422

Second Round

Total Votes	421
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	2
Total Valid Votes	419

Candidate	First Round	Second Round
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed	215 (50.95%)	293 (69.93%)
Maslah Mohamed Siad Barre	60 (14.22%)	126 (30.07%)
Nur Hassan Hussein	59 (13.98%)	**
Ali Khalif Galaydh	31 (7.35%)	**
Mohamed Osman Aden	25 (5.92%)	**
Abdirahman Abdi Hussein	10 (2.37%)	**
Ahmed Hashi Mahmoud	9 (2.13%)	-
Awad Ahmed Asharo	5 (1.18%)	-
Musa Mualim Yusuf	4 (0.95%)	-
Yusuf Azhari	2 (0.47%)	-
Ali Hashi Dhoore	2 (0.47%)	-
Hassan Abshir Farah	*	-
Mohamed Mohamud Guled	*	-
Mohamed Ahmed Ali	*	-

*Hassan Abshir Farah, Mohamed Mohamud Guled, Mohamed Ahmed Ali were all approved to contest the election, but they withdrew before the first round of balloting.

**Nur Hassan Hussein, Ali Khalif Galaydh, Mohamed Osman Aden, and Abdirahman Abdi Hussein qualified to participate in the second round, but they withdrew from the competition. With only two candidates remaining, a third round of voting was not required.

10 September 2012 Presidential Election (Chosen by the Federal Parliament)

First Round

Total Votes	271
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	1
Total Valid Votes	270

Second Round

Total Votes	271
Abstentions/Invalid Votes	2
Total Valid Votes	269

Candidate	First Round	Second Round
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud	60 (22.22%)	190 (70.63%)
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed	64 (23.70%)	79 (29.37%)
Abdiweli Mohamed Ali	30 (11.11%)	*
Abdiqadir Osoble Ali	27 (10.00%)	*
Abdullahi Ahmed Adow	24 (8.89%)	-
Abdirahman Baadiyow	21 (7.78%)	-
Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo	14 (5.19%)	-
Ahmed Ismail Samatar	8 (2.96%)	-
Yusuf Garaad Omar	8 (2.96%)	-
Abdiwahid Elmi Gonjeh	3 (1.11%)	-
Mohamed Abdiweli Sheikh Yusuf	3 (1.11%)	-
Omar Salad Elmi	2 (0.74%)	-
Haji Mohamed Yasin Ismail	2 (0.74%)	-
Mohamed Abdullahi Omar	1 (0.37%)	-
Osman Mohamed Gaal	1 (0.37%)	-
Said Issa Mohamud	1 (0.37%)	-
Zakariye Mohamud Haji Abdi	1 (0.37%)	-
Mohamed Ahmed Salah	0 (0.00%)	-
Salad Ali Jelle	0 (0.00%)	-
Maslah Mohamed Siad Barre	0 (0.00%)	-
Ibrahim Ali Hussein	0 (0.00%)	-
Abdirahman Mohamed Abdi Hashi	0 (0.00%)	-

*Abdiweli Mohamed Ali and Abdiqadir Osoble Ali qualified to participate in the second round, but they withdrew from the competition. With only two candidates remaining, a third round of voting was not required.