AFRICAN ELECTIONS DATABASE

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Elections in Congo-Kinshasa
[Democratic Republic of the Congo]
 
Political Profile
Political System: Restricted Democratic Practice
President: Joseph Kabila [since 17 January 2001; succeeded to the presidency following the assassination of his father, Laurent-Désiré Kabila, on 16 January 2001, elected 2006, re-elected 2011] The President is elected by direct popular vote for a 5-year term. Electoral System: First Past The Post.
Acting Prime Minister: Louis Koyagialo [since 6 March 2012] The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
Parliament [bicameral]
--Senate (108 Seats) Members are indirectly elected by the Provincial Assemblies, former elected Presidents become Senators-for-life; members serve 5-year terms.
--National Assembly (500 Seats) Members are elected by direct popular vote through parallel systems - 440 from 109 multi-member constituencies using the party-list proportional representation system and 60 from single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post (simple majority) system; members serve 5-year terms.
Political Situation since Independence
1960-1965 Restricted Democratic Practice
1965-1967 Military Regime
1967-1990 One Party State (MPR)
1990-1997 Multiparty Transition
1997-2003 Civil War, National Fragmentation
2003-2006 Transitional Government
2006-        Restricted Democratic Practice
2012 Freedom House Rating: Political Rights - 6, Civil Liberties - 6, Status: Not Free
Next Scheduled Presidential Election: 2016
Next Scheduled Senatorial Election: 2012
Next Scheduled National Assembly Election: 2016
Political Parties: AAA - Agreement with the Allies Alliance, ABAKO - Alliance of Builders of Congo, ABAKO - Alliance of the Bakongo, ABAZI - Bayanzi Alliance, ACDC - Congolese Alliance of Christian Democrats, ACDD - Christian Alliance for Democracy and Development, ACO - Congo Future, ADECO - Alliance of Congolese Democrats, ADH - Alliance of Humanist Democrats, ADR - Alliance for Development and the Republic, AFDC - Alliance of Congo Democratic Forces, AHUDE - Alliance for Humanism and Democracy, AJDS - Alliance for Justice, Development, and Solidarity, ANAMONGO - Association of the Akutshu-Anamongo, ANC-PF - Alliance of Congolese Nationalists-Platform, ANCC - Alliance of Nationalist Congolese Believers, APE - Alliance of Peasants and Ecologists, ARC - Alliance for the Renewal of Congo, ARP-PRC - Rural Progressive Alliance-Congolese Rural Party, ARREN - Action Rally for Reconstruction and National Edification, ASCCO - Association of Socialist Christians of Congo, ASSORETSHU - Association of Citizens of Tshuapa, ATCAR - Association of the Tchokwe of Congo, Angola, and Rhodesia, ATD - Congolese Labor Alliance for Development, AWABELO - Association of the Wanande of Beni and Lubero, Ba-Likolo*, BALUBAKAT - General Association of the Baluba of Katanga, BCUP - Build a United and Prosperous Congo, CAAC - Congress of Allies for Action in Congo, CAD - African Congress of Democrats, CCD - Christian Convention for Democracy, CCU - United Congolese Convention, CDC - Convention of Christian Democrats, CDD - Democratic Convention for Development, CEREA - African Regrouping Center, CF - Current Future, CNAP - National Convention of Political Action, CNC - Congolese National Congress, CNRP - National Convention for the Republic and Progress, COAKA - Kasai Coalition, CODECO - Coalition of Congolese Democrats, CODELI - Convention for Democracy and Liberty, COFEDEC - Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy, CONACO - Congolese National Convention, CONAKAT - Confederation of Tribal Associations of Katanga, CONGO-PAX - Party for Peace in Congo, CP - Camp of the Fatherland (also known as the "Forces of the Future" party), CPR - Convention of Progressives for the Republic, CRD - Convention for the Republic and Democracy, CRP - Convention for Renaissance and Progress, CTS-UPB - Party of Traditional Chiefs and Sympathizers-Basonge Progressive Union, CVP - Conscience and People's Will, DC - Christian Democracy, DCF-COFEDEC - Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy, DCF-N - Federalist Christian Democracy-Nyamwisi, DDC - Dynamics for Democracy in Congo, DECO - Congolese Democrat Party, ECiDé - Commitment to Citizenship and Development, ECT - Awakening Conscience for Labor and Development, ENVOL - Volunteers Together for Development Party of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, FC - Common Front, FC - Foundation of Congo, FIDEC - Independent Front for Christian Democracy, FIS - Front for Social Integration, FNI - Nationalist and Integrationist Front, FNSP - National Public Salvation Front, FONUS - Innovative Forces for Union and Solidarity, FOP - Force of the People, FR - Forces of Renewal, FROCONKI - Common Front of North Kivu, FRODECO - Front of Congolese Democrats, FRONKAT - Katangan Front, FSDD - Front of Social Democrats for Development, FSIR - Social Front of Independent Republicans, GR - Republican Generations, GSCO - Generation for Solidarity and the Development of Congo, LDIC - League for the Defense of Citizens' Interests, LUKA - Kwangolese Union for Independence and Liberty, MAI-MAI - Self-Defense Movement for Integrity and the Maintenance of Independent Authority, MARC-PTF - Action Movement for the Resurrection of Congo-Fraternity and Labor Party, MCR - Congolese Movement for Renaissance, MCSD - Christian Movement for Solidarity and Democracy, MD - Movement of Democrats, MDD - Movement for Democracy and Development, MEDA - Movement for the Democratic Evolution of Africa, MEDERCO - Movement for the Evolution and Development of the Rural Economy of Congo, MIP - Movement for the Integrity of People, MIR - Movement of Independent Reformists, MLC - Movement for the Liberation of Congo, MLP - Lumumbist Progressive Movement, MMM - Maï-Maï Movement, MNC-K - Congolese National Movement-Kalonji, MNC-L - Congolese National Movement-Lumumba, MPCR - Congolese People's Movement for the Republic, MPR - Popular Movement of the Revolution, MPR-Fait Privé - Popular Movement of the Revolution-Fait Privé, MPS - Popular Movement of Sankuru, MSC - Movement of Solidarity for Change, MSDD - Solidarity Movement for Democracy and Development, MSR - Social Movement for Renewal, MUB - Basonge Unity Movement, Mwinda-Bakongo**, NAD - New Alliance of Democrats, NBP - Our Beautiful Country, Ngwaka Association*, ODAPR - Autonomous Organization of the People for Renewal, OPEKA - Political Organization of Kasavubists and Allies, PA - Party for Action, PADESO - Rally for Economic and Social Development, PALU - Unified Lumumbist Party, PANACO - Congolese National Party, PANADER - National Party for Democracy and the Republic, PANADI - Party of Nationalists for Integral Development, PANAP - National People's Party, PANU - National Alliance Party for Unity, PAR - Renewal Party, PARC - Christian Republican Party, PARECO-PAP - Coalition of Congolese Resistance Patriots, PCB - Congolese Party for the People's Well-Being, PCBG - Congolese Party for Good Governance, PCD - Congolese Party for Development, PCDI - Christian Democrat Party for the Development of the Congolese, PDC - Christian Democrat Party, PDC - Congolese Democratic Party, PDSC - Democratic Social Christian Party, PEC-LES VERTS - Rally of Congolese Ecologists-The Greens, PECO - Congolese Ecologist Party, PNP - National Progress Party, PNR - National Party for Reform, PNRD - National Party of Renewal for Development, PPPD - People's Party for Peace and Democracy, PPRD - People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy, PR - Reformist Party, PRC - Congolese Republican Party, PRM - Maï-Maï Resistance Patriots, PRP - People's Revolution Party, PSA - African Solidarity Party, PSA-Kamitatu - African Solidarity Party-Kamitatu, PSDA - African Socialist Democratic Party, PT - Labor Party, PTL - Liberal Labor Party, PUNA - National Unity Party, R2D - Renewal for Development and Democracy, RADECO - Rally of Congolese Democrats, RADESO - Rally for Economic and Social Development, RAPELU - Luba People's Rally, PARECO - Congolese Regrouping Party, RCD - Congolese Rally for Democracy, RCD/K-ML - Congolese Rally for Democracy/Kisangani-Liberation Movement, RCDN - Rally of Congolese Democrats and Nationalists, RCPC - Rally of Christians for the Congo, RDLK - Democratic Rally of Lac-Kwango-Kwilu, RDP - Regrouping of Democrats for Progress, RDPC - Rally for the Defense of Congolese People, RDPR - Rally of Democrats for the Republic, RECO - Congolese Regrouping, RECO - Party for the Renaissance of Congo, RENAISSANCE PE - Electoral Platform Renaissance, RNS - Rally for a New Society, RRC - Rally for the Reconstruction of Congo, RSF - Rally of Social and Federalist Forces, RUDEC - Rally for Unity, Development, and the Environment of Congo, SCODE - Congolese Solidarity for Democracy, SET - Support for Étienne Tshisekedi, SODENA - Solidarity for National Development, UB - Budjala Union, UCC - Congolese Union for Change, UCL - Congolese Union for Liberty, UCP - Congolese Union for Progress, UCRJ - Christian Union for Renewal and Justice, UDA-Lubaya - African Democratic Union-Lubaya, UDCO - Union for the Development of Congo, UDECF - Union of Federalist Christian Democrats, UDECO - Congolese Democratic Union, UDEMO - Union of Mobutist Democrats, UDN - Union for the Development of the Nation, UDPS-Kibassa - Union for Democracy and Progress-Kibassa, UDPS-Tshisekedi - Union for Democracy and Progress-Tshisekedi, UDR - Union for the Defense of the Republic, UFC - Union of Forces for Change, ULDC - Liberal Christian Democrats Union, ULPD - Union for Liberty, Peace, and Development, UMR - Union for a Republican Majority, UN - Union for the Nation, UNADEC - National Union of Christian Democrats, UNADEF - National Union of Federalist Democrats, UNAFEC - Union of Nationalist Federalists of Congo, UNC - Congolese National Union, UNC - Union for the Congolese Nation, UNEBAFI - Economic Union of the Babembe of Fizi, Unicentrale*, UNILAC - Union of the Citizens of Lake Leopold II, UNIMO - Mongo Union, UNIR - Union for the Republic, UPC - Union of Congolese Patriots, UPNAC - Union of Congolese Nationalist Patriots, UPPA - People's Union for Peace and Love, UPRDI - People's Union for the Republic and Integral Development, URDC - Union for the Revival and Development of Congo, UREC - Union for the Reconstruction of Congo, USC - Congolese Socialist Union, USL - Liberal Socialist Union.
Coalitions: Congolese National Convention-led Coaliton [Contested the 1965 Chamber of Representatives Election] An alliance of 49 political parties led by the Congolese National Convention (CONACO); Coalition of Congolese Democrats (CODECO) [Contested the 2006 Presidential Election] A coalition of 30 political parties that supported Pierre Pay-Pay wa Syakassighe's candidacy.
*Political party acronym not available.
**A progressive, breakaway faction of the Alliance of the Bakongo (ABAKO) party.
 
Election Results
 
 
Presidential
--Multiparty: 2006, 2011
--Single Party: 1970, 1977, 1984
Legislative
--Multiparty: 1960, 1965, 2006, 2011
--Single Party: 1970, 1975, 1977, 1982, 1987
Referendums: 1964, 1967, 2005
 
 
11-22 May 1960 Chamber of Representatives Election

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

2,224,174

Party Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Seats (137)
Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (MNC-L) & Allies 703,407 31.63% 41

Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (MNC-L) (521,387) (23.44%)
33
Congolese National Union (UNC) (47,526) (2.14%) 3
Kasai Coalition (COAKA) (63,425) (2.85%) 2
Cartel Basonge Unity Movement-Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (MUB/MNC-L) (30,280) (1.36%) 1
Cartel Kasai Coalition-Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (COAKA/MNC-L) (21,465) (0.97%) 1
Cartel Economic Union of the Babembe of Fizi-Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (UNEBAFI/MNC-L) (19,324) (0.87%) 1
National Progress Party (PNP) & Allies 265,457 11.94% 15

National Progress Party (PNP) (137,195) (6.17%)
7
Kwangolese Union for Independence and Liberty (LUKA) (52,612) (2.37%) 3
Movement for the Evolution and Development of the Rural Economy of Congo (MEDERCO) (27,634) (1.24%) 2
Rural Progressive Alliance-Congolese Rural Party (ARP-PRC) (16,892) (0.76%) 1
Common Front (FC) (17,716) (0.80%) 1
Customary Chief (Pro PNP) (13,408) (0.60%) 1
African Solidarity Party (PSA) 278,971 12.54% 13
Alliance of the Bakongo (ABAKO) 210,542 9.47% 12
African Regrouping Center (CEREA) 95,721 4.30% 10
National Unity Party (PUNA) & Allies 118,661 5.34% 9

National Unity Party (PUNA) (92,547) (4.16%)
7
Ngwaka Association (26,114) (1.17%) 2
Confederation of Tribal Associations of Katanga (CONAKAT) 104,871 4.72% 8
Congolese National Movement-Kalonji (MNC-K) & Allies 161,942 7.28% 8

Congolese National Movement-Kalonji (MNC-K) (147,578) (6.64%)
7
Independent (Pro MNC-K) (14,364) (0.65%) 1
Katangan Cartel 110,091 4.95% 7

General Association of the Baluba of Katanga (BALUBAKAT) (80,434) (3.62%)
6
Association of the Tchokwe of Congo, Angola, and Rhodesia (ATCAR) (29,657) (1.33%) 1
Congolese Regrouping (RECO) 41,202 1.85% 4
Bayanzi Alliance (ABAZI) 21,024 0.95% 1
Democratic Rally of Lac-Kwango-Kwilu (RDLK) 12,761 0.57% 1
Mongo Union (UNIMO) 16,739 0.75% 1
Local Interest Groups 19,422 0.87% 2
Independents 63,363 2.85% 5
 
10 July 1964 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Presidential Republic, Federal State, Bicameral Legislature

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

2,404,139 (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     35,688

Total Valid Votes

2,368,451

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 2,151,122 90.82%
"No" Votes 217,329 9.18%
 
18 March-10 April 1965 Chamber of Representatives Election*

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party/[Coalition] Number of Seats (167)
Congolese National Convention (CONACO)-led Coalition 122

Congolese National Convention (CONACO)
37
Confederation of Tribal Associations of Katanga (CONAKAT) 9
Association of the Wanande of Beni and Lubero (AWABELO) 7
Congolese National Party (PANACO) 7
Congolese Democratic Union (UDECO) 7
Rally of Congolese Democrats (RADECO) 5
Congolese Regrouping (RECO) 5
Association of Socialist Christians of Congo (ASCCO) 4
Congolese Democrat Party (DECO) 4
Kwangolese Union for Independence and Liberty (LUKA) 4
Congolese Regrouping Party (PARECO) 4
Congolese Republican Party (PRC) 4
Luba People's Rally (RAPELU) 4
African Democratic Union-Lubaya (UDA-Lubaya) 4
Katangan Front (FRONKAT) 3
Basonge Unity Movement (MUB) 3
Congolese Democratic Party (PDC) 3
Movement for the Democratic Evolution of Africa (MEDA) 2
Popular Movement of Sankuru (MPS) 2
Association of the Akutshu-Anamongo (ANAMONGO) 1
Party of Traditional Chiefs and Sympathizers-Basonge Progressive Union (CTS-UPB) 1
National Public Salvation Front (FNSP) 1
African Socialist Democratic Party (PSDA) 1
Alliance of the Bakongo (ABAKO) 10
African Solidarity Party-Kamitatu (PSA-Kamitatu) 7
Mwinda-Bakongo 5
National Unity Party (PUNA) 4
Unicentrale 4
Association of the Tchokwe of Congo, Angola, and Rhodesia 3
General Association of the Baluba of Katanga (BALUBAKAT) 3
Association of Citizens of Tshuapa (ASSORETSHU) 2
Congolese National Movement-Lumumba (MNC-L) 2
Ba-Likolo 1
Common Front of North Kivu (FROCONKI) 1
Union of the Citizens of Lake Leopold II (UNILAC) 1
Budjala Union (UB) 1
Independent 1
*The results in six districts (Kivu Central, Goma-Rutshuru, Cuvette Centrale, Fizi, Kwilu, and Maniema) were cancelled by the Court of Appeals due to irregularities. New elections were held in Kivu Central, Cuvette Centrale, Goma-Rutshuru, and Kwilu from 8-22 August 1965. In the districts of Fizi and Maniema, seats were filled by court-appointed representatives instead of holding new elections.
 
4-16 June 1967 Constitutional Referendum
Main Points: Presidential Republic, Unitary State, Unicameral Legislature, Legislature elects the President who is then confirmed by referendum, No Presidential Term Limits

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

8,393,365 (59.1%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     39,760

Total Valid Votes

8,353,605

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 8,223,626 98.44%
"No" Votes 129,979 1.56%
 
Single Party Elections
Sole Legal Party: Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR)
31 October-1 November 1970 Presidential Election* (Joseph-Désiré Mobutu re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

10,101,330

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)**

10,131,826 (100.3%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

                0

Total Valid Votes

10,131,826

"Yes" Votes

10,131,669 (100.00%)

"No" Votes

            157     (0.00%)

*Some sources list the number of "No" votes cast as 158.
**In seeking to explain the abnormally high turnout, state radio reported that it was the result of the movement of people from one center to another in pursuit of their daily occupations.
14-15 November 1970 National Assembly Election (420 Seats)

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

9,854,517 (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     91,007

Total Valid Votes

9,763,510

"Yes" Votes

9,691,132 (99.26%)

"No" Votes

     72,378   (0.74%)

2 November 1975 National Legislative Council Election* (244 Seats)
*Voting took place by acclamation at mass rallies held throughout the country.
15-16 October 1977 National Legislative Council Election
3 December 1977 Presidential Election* (Mobutu Sese Seko re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

10,693,804

"Yes" Votes

10,492,247 (98.12%)

"No" Votes

     201,557   (1.88%)

*Some sources list the election date as 2 December 1977.
18-19 September 1982 National Legislative Council Election (310 Seats)
28-29 July 1984 Presidential Election (Mobutu Sese Seko re-elected unopposed)

Registered Voters

Not Available

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Invalid/Blank Votes

Not Available

Total Valid Votes

15,012,078

"Yes" Votes

14,885,977 (99.16%)

"No" Votes

     126,101   (0.84%)

6 September 1987 National Legislative Council Election (210 Seats)
Note: Joseph-Désiré Mobutu changed his name to Mobutu Sese Seko in 1972.
 
18-19 December 2005 Constitutional Referendum [Results by Province]
Main Points: A limit of two five-year terms for a president elected by popular vote; Citizenship for members of all ethnic groups living in the country at the time of its independence in 1960; A firm system of checks and balances between the President, the Prime Minister and the Parliament.
Ballot Question: Do you approve of the draft Constitution that is submitted to you?

Registered Voters

25,021,703

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

15,505,810 (62.0%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     725,735

Total Valid Votes

14,780,075

Results Number of Votes % of Votes
"Yes" Votes 12,461,001 84.31%
"No" Votes 2,319,074 15.69%
 
July/October 2006 Presidential Election
First Round (30 July 2006)

Registered Voters

25,420,199

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

17,931,238 (70.5%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     993,704

Total Valid Votes

16,937,534

Second Round (29 October 2006) [Results by Province]

Registered Voters

25,420,199

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

16,615,479 (65.4%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     358,878

Total Valid Votes

16,256,601

Candidate (Party) [Coalition] First Round Second Round
Number of Votes % of Votes Number of Votes % of Votes
Joseph Kabila Kabange 7,590,485 44.81% 9,436,779 58.05%
Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo (MLC) 3,392,592 20.03% 6,819,822 41.95%
Antoine Gizenga (PALU) 2,211,280 13.06% - -
François Joseph Mobutu Nzanga Ngangawe (UDEMO) 808,397 4.77% - -
Oscar Kashala Lukumuenda (UREC) 585,410 3.46% - -
Azarias Ruberwa Manywa (RCD) 285,641 1.69% - -
Pierre Pay-Pay wa Syakassighe (DCF-COFEDEC) [CODECO] 267,749 1.58% - -
Vincent de Paul Lunda Bululu (RSF) 237,257 1.40% - -
Joseph Olenghankoy Mukundji (FONUS) 102,186 0.60% - -
Pierre Anatole Matusila Malungeni Ne Kongo 99,408 0.59% - -
Antipas Mbusa Nyamwisi (FR) 96,503 0.57% - -
Bernard Emmanuel Kabatu Suila (USL) 86,143 0.51% - -
Eugène Diomi Ndongala (DC) 85,897 0.51% - -
Kasonga Banyingela (APE) 82,045 0.48% - -
Christophe Mboso N'Kodia Pwanga (CRD) 78,983 0.47% - -
Norbert Likulia Bolongo 77,851 0.46% - -
Roger Lumbala (RCDN) 75,644 0.45% - -
Justine M'Poyo Kasa-Vubu (MD) 75,065 0.44% - -
Guy Patrice Lumumba 71,699 0.42% - -
Cathérine Marthe Nzuzi wa Mbombo (MPR-Fait Privé) 65,188 0.38% - -
Alou Bonioma Kalokola 63,692 0.38% - -
Paul Joseph Mukungubila Mutombo 59,228 0.35% - -
Arthur Z'ahidi Ngoma (CP) 57,277 0.34% - -
Wivine N'Landu Kavidi (UDR) 54,482 0.32% - -
Gérard Kamanda wa Kamanda (FCN-Me Kamanda) 52,084 0.31% - -
Florentin Mokonda Bonza (CDC) 49,292 0.29% - -
Alafuele Mbuyi Kalala (RNS) 44,030 0.26% - -
Jacob Niemba Souga (CPC) 40,188 0.24% - -
Jonas Mukamba Kadiata Nzemba (ADECO) 39,973 0.24% - -
Marie-Thérèse Nlandu Mpolo Nene (CONGO-PAX) 35,587 0.21% - -
Osée Muyima Ndjoko (R2D) 25,198 0.15% - -
Hassan Thassinda Uba Thassinda (CAD) 23,327 0.14% - -
Timothée Moleka Nzulama (UPPA) 17,753 0.10% - -
 
30 July 2006 National Assembly Election

Registered Voters

25,420,199

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available

Party Number of Seats (500)
People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy (PPRD) 111
Movement for the Liberation of Congo (MLC) 64
Unified Lumumbist Party (PALU) 34
Social Movement for Renewal (MSR) 27
Forces of Renewal (FR) 26
Congolese Rally for Democracy (RCD) 15
Convention of Christian Democrats (CDC) 10
Coalition of Congolese Democrats (CODECO) 10
Union of Mobutist Democrats (UDEMO) 9
Camp of the Fatherland (CP) 8
Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy (DCF-COFEDEC) 8
Christian Democrat Party (PDC) 8
Union of Nationalist Federalists of Congo (UNAFEC) 7
Congolese Alliance of Christian Democrats (ACDC) 4
Alliance of Congolese Democrats (ADECO) 4
United Congolese Convention (CCU) 4
Maï-Maï Resistance Patriots (PRM) 4
Rally of Congolese Democrats and Nationalists (RCDN) 4
People's Union for the Republic and Integral Development (UPRDI) 4
Alliance of Builders of Congo (ABAKO) 3
Democratic Convention for Development (CDD) 3
Convention for the Republic and Democracy (CRD) 3
Party of Nationalists for Integral Development (PANADI) 3
National Alliance Party for Unity (PANU) 3
National Union of Federalist Democrats (UNADEF) 3
Union of Congolese Patriots (UPC) 3
Alliance of Nationalist Congolese Believers (ANCC) 2
Alliance for the Renewal of Congo (ARC) 2
Innovative Forces for Union and Solidarity (FONUS) 2
Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD) 2
Congolese Party for Good Governance (PCBG) 2
Democratic Social Christian Party (PDSC) 2
People's Revolution Party (PRP) 2
Electoral Platform Renaissance (RENAISSANCE PE) 2
Rally for Social and Federalist Forces (RSF) 2
Solidarity for National Development (SODENA) 2
Union for a Republican Majority (UMR) 2
National Union of Christian Democrats (UNADEC) 2
Alliance of Congolese Nationalists-Platform (ANC-PF) 1
Action Rally for Reconstruction and National Edification (ARREN) 1
Christian Convention for Democracy (CCD) 1
National Convention of Political Action (CNAP) 1
National Convention for the Republic and Progress (CNRP) 1
Conscience and People's Will (CVP) 1
Christian Democracy (DC) 1
Front for Social Integration (FIS) 1
Front of Congolese Democrats (FRODECO) 1
Front of Social Democrats for Development (FSDD) 1
Social Front of Independent Republicans (FSIR) 1
Republican Generations (GR) 1
Self-Defense Movement for Integrity and the Maintenance of Independent Authority (MAI-MAI) 1
Action Movement for the Resurrection of Congo-Fraternity and Labor Party (MARC-PTF) 1
Lumumbist Progressive Movement (MLP) 1
Maï-Maï Movement (MMM) 1
Congolese People's Movement for the Republic (MPCR) 1
Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR) 1
Solidarity Movement for Democracy and Development (MSDD) 1
Political Organization of Kasavubists and Allies (OPEKA) 1
National People's Party (PANAP) 1
Congolese Party for the People's Well-Being (PCB) 1
National Unity Party (PUNA) 1
Rally for Economic and Social Development (RADESO) 1
Rally of Christians for the Congo (RCPC) 1
Rally of Congolese Ecologists-The Greens (REC-LES VERTS) 1
Congolese Union for Change (UCC) 1
Christian Union for Renewal and Justice (UCRJ) 1
Union for the Defense of the Republic (UDR) 1
Liberal Christian Democrats Union (ULDC) 1
Union of Congolese Nationalist Patriots (UPNAC) 1
Independents 63
 
28 November 2011 Presidential Election

Registered Voters

32,024,640

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

18,911,572 (59.1%)

Invalid/Blank Votes

     768,468

Total Valid Votes

18,143,104

Candidate (Party) Number of Votes % of Votes
Joseph Kabila Kabange 8,880,944 48.95%
Étienne Tshisekedi wa Mulumba (UDPS-Tshisekedi) 5,864,775 32.33%
Vital Kamerhe Lwa-Kanyiginyi (UNC) 1,403,372 7.74%
Léon Kengo wa Dondo (UFC) 898,362 4.95%
Antipas Mbusa Nyamwisi 311,787 1.72%
François Joseph Mobutu Nzanga Ngangawe (UDEMO) 285,273 1.57%
Jean Andeka Djamba (ANCC) 128,820 0.71%
Adam Bombolé Intole 126,623 0.70%
François Nicéphore Kakese Malela (URDC) 92,737 0.51%
Josué Alex Mukendi Kamama 78,151 0.43%
Oscar Kashala Lukumuenda (UREC) 72,260 0.40%
 
28 November 2011 National Assembly Election*

Registered Voters

32,024,640

Total Votes (Voter Turnout)

Not Available (N/A)

Party Number of Seats (500)
People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy (PPRD) 69
Union for Democracy and Progress-Tshisekedi (UDPS-Tshisekedi) 42
People's Party for Peace and Democracy (PPPD) 30
Social Movement for Renewal (MSR) 28
Movement for the Liberation of Congo (MLC) 21
Alliance of Congo Democratic Forces (AFDC) 17
Unified Lumumbist Party (PALU) 17
Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC) 16
Alliance for the Renewal of Congo (ARC) 15
Rally for the Reconstruction of Congo (RRC) 12
Christian Democrat Party (PDC) 9
Congo Future (ACO) 8
Awakening Conscience for Labor and Development (ECT) 8
Movement for the Integrity of People (MIP) 8
Union of Nationalist Federalists of Congo (UNAFEC) 8
Congolese Rally for Democracy/Kisangani-Liberation Movement (RCD/K-ML) 7
Congolese Union for Progress (UCP) 6
Union for the Development of Congo (UDCO) 6
United Congolese Convention (CCU) 5
Convention of Progressives for the Republic (CPR) 5
New Alliance of Democrats (NAD) 5
National Union of Federalist Democrats (UNADEF) 5
Congolese Labor Alliance for Development (ATD) 4
Convention of Christian Democrats (CDC) 4
Convention for the Republic and Democracy (CRD) 4
Congolese Movement for Renaissance (MCR) 4
Congolese Party for Development (PCD) 4
Union of Federalist Christian Democrats (UDECF) 4
Union of Forces for Change (UFC) 4
Alliance of Humanist Democrats (ADH) 3
Congress of Allies for Action in Congo (CAAC) 3
Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy (COFEDEC) 3
Federalist Christian Democracy-Nyamwisi (DCF-N) 3
League for the Defense of Citizens' Interests (LDIC) 3
Support for Étienne Tshisekedi (SET) 3
Alliance of Builders of Kongo (ABAKO) 2
Christian Alliance for Democracy and Development (ACDD) 2
Alliance for Development and the Republic (ADR) 2
Build a United and Prosperous Congo (BCUP) 2
Party for Peace in Congo (CONGO-PAX) 2
Commitment to Citizenship and Development (ECiDé) 2
Foundation of Congo (FC) 2
Congolese People's Movement for the Republic (MPCR) 2
Movement of Solidarity for Change (MSC) 2
National Party for Democracy and the Republic (PANADER) 2
Reformist Party (PR) 2
Regrouping of Democrats for Progress (RDP) 2
Party for the Renaissance of Congo (RECO) 2
Solidarity for National Development (SODENA) 2
Union of Mobutist Democrats (UDEMO) 2
Union of Congolese Patriots (UPC) 2
Agreement with the Allies Alliance (AAA) 1
Congolese Alliance of Christian Democrats (ACDC) 1
Alliance for Humanism and Democracy (AHUDE) 1
Alliance for Justice, Development, and Solidarity (AJDS) 1
Christian Convention for Democracy (CCD) 1
Current Future (CF) 1
Congolese National Congress (CNC) 1
Convention for Democracy and Liberty (CODELI) 1
Convention for Renaissance and Progress (CRP) 1
Christian Democracy (DC) 1
Dynamics for Democracy in Congo (DDC) 1
Volunteers Together for Development Party of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ENVOL) 1
Independent Front for Christian Democracy (FIDEC) 1
Nationalist and Integrationist Front (FNI) 1
Innovative Forces for Union and Solidarity (FONUS) 1
Force of the People (FOP) 1
Front of Social Democrats for Development (FSDD) 1
Social Front of Independent Republicans (FSIR) 1
Generation for Solidarity and the Development of Congo (GSCO) 1
Christian Movement for Solidarity and Democracy (MCSD) 1
Movement of Independent Reformists (MIR) 1
Lumumbist Progressive Movement (MLP) 1
Solidarity Movement for Democracy and Development (MSDD) 1
Our Beautiful Country (NBP) 1
Autonomous Organization of the People for Renewal (ODAPR) 1
Party for Action (PA) 1
Party of Nationalists for Integral Development (PANADI) 1
National Alliance Party for Unity (PANU) 1
Renewal Party (PAR) 1
Christian Republican Party (PARC) 1
Coalition of Congolese Resistance Patriots (PARECO-PAP) 1
Congolese Party for Good Governance (PCBG) 1
Christian Democrat Party for the Development of the Congolese (PCDI) 1
Congolese Ecologist Party (PECO) 1
National Party for Reform (PNR) 1
National Party of Renewal for Development (PNRD) 1
Labor Party (PT) 1
Liberal Labor Party (PTL) 1
National Unity Party (PUNA) 1
Rally for Economic and Social Development (RADESO) 1
Rally of Congolese Democrats and Nationalists (RCDN) 1
Rally for the Defense of Congolese People (RDPC) 1
Rally of Democrats for the Republic (RDPR) 1
Rally for Unity, Development, and the Environment of Congo (RUDEC) 1
Congolese Solidarity for Democracy (SCODE) 1
Congolese Union for Liberty (UCL) 1
Union for the Development of the Nation (UDN) 1
Union for Democracy and Progress-Kibassa (UDPS-Kibassa) 1
Liberal Christian Democrats Union (ULDC) 1
Union for Liberty, Peace, and Development (ULPD) 1
Union for the Nation (UN) 1
National Union of Christian Democrats (UNADEC) 1
Union for the Republic (UNIR) 1
Congolese Socialist Union (USC) 1
Independents 13
Vacant 8
*The distribution of seats won by party in the table above was determined using data from the National Independent Electoral Commission (CENI) and rulings from the country's Supreme Court of Justice (CSJ). Additional information on how the figures were compiled can be found here.